{"id":1383,"date":"2025-11-09T18:58:22","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T15:58:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/?p=1383"},"modified":"2025-11-09T23:50:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-09T20:50:10","slug":"istatistikte-aralik-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/istatistikte-aralik-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130statistikte Aral\u0131k Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#giris-neden-aralik-kavrami-bu-kadar-onemlidir\">Giri\u015f: \u0130statistikte Aral\u0131k Nedir? Neden Aral\u0131k Kavram\u0131 Bu Kadar \u00d6nemlidir?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#1-aralik-interval-nedir\">1. Aral\u0131k (Interval) Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#2-veri-gruplamada-aralik-sinif-araligi\">2. Veri Gruplamada Aral\u0131k (S\u0131n\u0131f Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\ud83d\udccc-sinif-araligi-neden-kullanilir\">S\u0131n\u0131f Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 Neden Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#2-1-ornek-ogrenci-notlari-uzerinden-aralik-olusturma\">2.1 \u00d6rnek: \u00d6\u011frenci Notlar\u0131 \u00dczerinden Aral\u0131k Olu\u015fturma<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#2-2-aralik-genisligi-nasil-hesaplanir\">2.2 Aral\u0131k Geni\u015fli\u011fi Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#2-3-gunluk-hayattan-ornek\">2.3 G\u00fcnl\u00fck Hayattan \u00d6rnek<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#3-guven-araligi-confidence-interval\">3. G\u00fcven Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Confidence Interval)<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#3-1-guven-araligi-nedir\">3.1 G\u00fcven Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#3-2-basit-ornek\">3.2 Basit \u00d6rnek<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-aralik-olcegi-interval-scale\">4. Aral\u0131k \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi (Interval Scale)<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-1-aralik-olceginin-ozellikleri\">4.1 Aral\u0131k \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011finin \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-2-ornekler\">4.2 \u00d6rnekler<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\ud83d\udd39-ornek-1-sicaklik-c\">\u00d6rnek 1: S\u0131cakl\u0131k (\u00b0C)<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\ud83d\udd39-ornek-2-takvim-yillari\">\u00d6rnek 2: Takvim Y\u0131llar\u0131<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#5-aralik-turlerinin-karsilastirilmasi\">5. Aral\u0131k T\u00fcrlerinin Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#6-aralik-kavrami-neden-onemlidir\">6. Aral\u0131k Kavram\u0131 Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#7-uygulamali-ornek-maas-dagilimi-analizi\">7. Uygulamal\u0131 \u00d6rnek: Maa\u015f Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 Analizi<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\ud83d\udccc-adim-1-aralik-genisligini-hesapla\">Ad\u0131m 1: Aral\u0131k Geni\u015fli\u011fini Hesapla<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\ud83d\udccc-adim-2-araliklari-olustur\">Ad\u0131m 2: Aral\u0131klar\u0131 Olu\u015ftur<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#8-histogram-ile-aralik-gorsellestirme\">8. Histogram ile Aral\u0131k G\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#9-sonuc-aralik-kavrami-istatistigin-belkemigidir\">9. Sonu\u00e7: Aral\u0131k Kavram\u0131 \u0130statisti\u011fin Belkemi\u011fidir<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"giris-neden-aralik-kavrami-bu-kadar-onemlidir\"><strong>Giri\u015f: \u0130statistikte Aral\u0131k Nedir?<\/strong> <strong>Neden Aral\u0131k Kavram\u0131 Bu Kadar \u00d6nemlidir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130statistikte Aral\u0131k Nedir? \u0130statistik bilimi, verileri anlamland\u0131rma ve yorumlama \u00fczerine kurulu bir disiplindir. Verilerin analiz edilmesi, s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, yorumlanmas\u0131 ve karar verme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok temel kavramdan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu temel kavramlardan biri de <strong>aral\u0131k (interval)<\/strong> kavram\u0131d\u0131r. Aral\u0131k, hem veri analizinde hem de istatistiksel \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m y\u00f6ntemlerinde kritik rol oynar. Bir veri grubunu d\u00fczenlerken, bir \u00f6rneklemin belirsizli\u011fini \u00f6l\u00e7erken veya bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm d\u00fczeyini tan\u0131mlarken <em>aral\u0131k<\/em> kelimesi kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-aralik-interval-nedir\"><strong>1. Aral\u0131k (Interval) Nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Genel tan\u0131m\u0131yla <strong>aral\u0131k<\/strong>, bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlerin iki s\u0131n\u0131r aras\u0131nda gruplanmas\u0131 veya ifade edilmesidir. Aral\u0131k, istatistikte farkl\u0131 ba\u011flamlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Veri gruplamada s\u0131n\u0131f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (class interval)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>G\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (confidence interval)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u00d6l\u00e7me d\u00fczeylerinde aral\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi (interval scale)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Her bir kullan\u0131m, istatistiksel analiz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir ama\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bu \u00fc\u00e7 ana ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-veri-gruplamada-aralik-sinif-araligi\"><strong>2. Veri Gruplamada Aral\u0131k (S\u0131n\u0131f Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir veri seti \u00e7ok say\u0131da g\u00f6zlem i\u00e7erdi\u011finde, veriyi anlamak i\u00e7in onu s\u0131n\u0131flara ay\u0131r\u0131r\u0131z. Bu s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n her biri bir <strong>aral\u0131kt\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\ud83d\udccc-sinif-araligi-neden-kullanilir\"><strong>S\u0131n\u0131f Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 Neden Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Veriyi \u00f6zetler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 anlamay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Histogram gibi grafiklerin temelini olu\u015fturur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7arp\u0131kl\u0131k, yay\u0131l\u0131m gibi \u00f6zellikleri daha net g\u00f6rmemizi sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-1-ornek-ogrenci-notlari-uzerinden-aralik-olusturma\"><strong>2.1 \u00d6rnek: \u00d6\u011frenci Notlar\u0131 \u00dczerinden Aral\u0131k Olu\u015fturma<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir s\u0131n\u0131fta 60 \u00f6\u011frencinin s\u0131nav notlar\u0131 olsun. Bu notlar 0 ile 100 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in notlar\u0131 \u015fu aral\u0131klara b\u00f6lebiliriz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>S\u0131n\u0131f Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/th><th>Frekans<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>0 \u2013 10<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>11 \u2013 20<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>21 \u2013 30<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>31 \u2013 40<\/td><td>10<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>41 \u2013 50<\/td><td>12<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>51 \u2013 60<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>61 \u2013 70<\/td><td>6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>71 \u2013 80<\/td><td>5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>81 \u2013 90<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>91 \u2013 100<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu tablo bize:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Notlar\u0131n en \u00e7ok <strong>41\u201350 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda<\/strong> topland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En az \u00f6\u011frencinin <strong>91\u2013100 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda<\/strong> oldu\u011funu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n sola do\u011fru \u00e7arp\u0131k olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130\u015fte aral\u0131klar, veriyi bu \u015fekilde anlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-2-aralik-genisligi-nasil-hesaplanir\">2.2 Aral\u0131k Geni\u015fli\u011fi Nas\u0131l Hesaplan\u0131r?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u011fer veri 0\u2013100 aras\u0131 ise ve 10 aral\u0131k olu\u015fturmak istiyorsak: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"465\" height=\"236\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1388\" style=\"width:294px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-1.png 465w, https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image-1-300x152.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Yani <strong>her aral\u0131k 10 puan geni\u015fli\u011finde<\/strong> olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-3-gunluk-hayattan-ornek\">2.3 G\u00fcnl\u00fck Hayattan \u00d6rnek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u015fehirdeki g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k verilerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim. 365 g\u00fcn boyunca s\u0131cakl\u0131klar 0\u00b0C ile 40\u00b0C aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunu aral\u0131klara b\u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>0\u20135\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>6\u201310\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>11\u201315\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>16\u201320\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>21\u201325\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>26\u201330\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>31\u201335\u00b0C<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>36\u201340\u00b0C<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma meteorolojik yorumlar\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-guven-araligi-confidence-interval\"><strong>3. G\u00fcven Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 (Confidence Interval)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130statistikte aral\u0131k kavram\u0131n\u0131n en kritik kullan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan biri de <strong>g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>. G\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, bir parameterin (\u00f6rne\u011fin ortalama) ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferinin hangi aral\u0131kta bulunabilece\u011fini belirlemeye yarar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-1-guven-araligi-nedir\"><strong>3.1 G\u00fcven Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u00f6rneklem ortalamas\u0131 al\u0131r\u0131z, ancak evren ortalamas\u0131n\u0131 tam olarak bilemeyiz. Bu belirsizli\u011fi ifade etmek i\u00e7in bir aral\u0131k kullan\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00d6rneklem ortalamas\u0131 = 50<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>%95 g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 = (45, 55)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u015fu anlama gelir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cGer\u00e7ek ortalaman\u0131n 45 ile 55 aras\u0131nda olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 %95&#8217;tir.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-2-basit-ornek\">3.2 Basit \u00d6rnek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir fabrikan\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi kablolar\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00d6rneklem ortalamas\u0131 = 2.0 metre<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Standart sapma = 0.1 metre<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>n = 50<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>%95 g\u00fcven aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 = ?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>GA=x\u02c9\u00b11.96\u22c5snGA = \\bar{x} \\pm 1.96 \\cdot \\frac{s}{\\sqrt{n}}GA=x\u02c9\u00b11.96\u22c5n\u200bs\u200b =2.0\u00b11.96\u22c50.150= 2.0 \\pm 1.96 \\cdot \\frac{0.1}{\\sqrt{50}}=2.0\u00b11.96\u22c550\u200b0.1\u200b =(1.972,2.028)= (1.972, 2.028)=(1.972,2.028)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u015fu demektir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cGer\u00e7ek kablo ortalamas\u0131 %95 olas\u0131l\u0131kla 1.972\u20132.028 metre aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu da yine bir <strong>aral\u0131kt\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-aralik-olcegi-interval-scale\"><strong>4. Aral\u0131k \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi (Interval Scale)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aral\u0131k kavram\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00f6nemli kullan\u0131m alan\u0131, <strong>\u00f6l\u00e7ek t\u00fcrleri<\/strong> i\u00e7indedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6l\u00e7ek t\u00fcrleri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nominal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ordinal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interval (Aral\u0131k)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ratio (Oran)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Burada bizi ilgilendiren <strong>aral\u0131k \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fidir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-1-aralik-olceginin-ozellikleri\">4.1 Aral\u0131k \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011finin \u00d6zellikleri<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>De\u011ferler aras\u0131nda <strong>e\u015fit aral\u0131klar<\/strong> vard\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u0131f\u0131r noktas\u0131 <strong>mutlak de\u011fildir<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Toplama ve \u00e7\u0131karma i\u015flemleri yap\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ancak iki de\u011ferin \u201c2 kat b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte olmas\u0131\u201d anlaml\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-2-ornekler\">4.2 \u00d6rnekler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\ud83d\udd39-ornek-1-sicaklik-c\">\u00d6rnek 1: S\u0131cakl\u0131k (\u00b0C)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>20\u00b0C ile 30\u00b0C aras\u0131ndaki fark 10\u00b0C&#8217;dir ve bu fark anlaml\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>30\u00b0C, 15\u00b0C\u2019nin \u201c2 kat\u0131 s\u0131cak\u201d de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc <strong>s\u0131f\u0131r noktas\u0131 mutlak de\u011fildir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\ud83d\udd39-ornek-2-takvim-yillari\">\u00d6rnek 2: Takvim Y\u0131llar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>2000 y\u0131l\u0131, 1990 y\u0131l\u0131ndan 10 y\u0131l sonrad\u0131r, ama:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2000 y\u0131l\u0131 \u201c1990\u2019\u0131n iki kat\u0131\u201d de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-aralik-turlerinin-karsilastirilmasi\"><strong>5. Aral\u0131k T\u00fcrlerinin Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Aral\u0131k T\u00fcr\u00fc<\/th><th>Kullan\u0131m Alan\u0131<\/th><th>\u00d6rnek<\/th><th>Ama\u00e7<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>S\u0131n\u0131f Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td><td>Veri Gruplama<\/td><td>0\u201310, 11\u201320<\/td><td>Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6zetlemek<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>G\u00fcven Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td><td>\u0130statistiksel \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131m<\/td><td>(45,55)<\/td><td>Belirsizli\u011fi ifade etmek<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Aral\u0131k \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi<\/td><td>\u00d6l\u00e7me D\u00fczeyi<\/td><td>\u00b0C, y\u0131llar<\/td><td>De\u011ferler aras\u0131 e\u015fitlik<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-aralik-kavrami-neden-onemlidir\"><strong>6. Aral\u0131k Kavram\u0131 Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aral\u0131k kavram\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 anlamay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Belirsizli\u011fi say\u0131salla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 sa\u011flar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00d6l\u00e7me sistemlerinin temelini olu\u015fturur<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grafiksel analizlerde temel bir yap\u0131 sunar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Veri analizini daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r h\u00e2le getirir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle istatisti\u011fe giri\u015f yapan herkesin aral\u0131k kavram\u0131n\u0131 net bir \u015fekilde anlamas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-uygulamali-ornek-maas-dagilimi-analizi\"><strong>7. Uygulamal\u0131 \u00d6rnek: Maa\u015f Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 Analizi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir \u015firkette \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan 150 ki\u015finin ayl\u0131k maa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 analiz etmek istiyoruz. Maa\u015flar 20.000 TL ile 70.000 TL aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\ud83d\udccc-adim-1-aralik-genisligini-hesapla\">Ad\u0131m 1: Aral\u0131k Geni\u015fli\u011fini Hesapla<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>5 aral\u0131k kullanmak istiyoruz. Aral\u0131k=70.000\u221220.0005=10.000Aral\u0131k = \\frac{70.000 &#8211; 20.000}{5} = 10.000Aral\u0131k=570.000\u221220.000\u200b=10.000<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\ud83d\udccc-adim-2-araliklari-olustur\">Ad\u0131m 2: Aral\u0131klar\u0131 Olu\u015ftur<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>20.000\u201330.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>30.001\u201340.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>40.001\u201350.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>50.001\u201360.000<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>60.001\u201370.000<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu basit aral\u0131klarla:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Maa\u015flar\u0131n %40&#8217;\u0131n\u0131n 30.000\u201340.000 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011funu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yaln\u0131zca %5&#8217;inin 60.000 \u00fczerinde oldu\u011funu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun orta gelir grubunda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>net bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6rebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-histogram-ile-aralik-gorsellestirme\"><strong>8. Histogram ile Aral\u0131k G\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Histogram olu\u015ftururken mutlaka <strong>aral\u0131k<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00f6\u011frenci notlar\u0131 i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>0\u201310<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>11\u201320<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>91\u2013100<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Her aral\u0131k bir s\u00fctun h\u00e2linde \u00e7izilir. Bu grafik sayesinde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n simetrik mi yoksa \u00e7arp\u0131k m\u0131 oldu\u011fu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En yo\u011fun de\u011fer aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>kolayca g\u00f6zlemlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"9-sonuc-aralik-kavrami-istatistigin-belkemigidir\"><strong>9. Sonu\u00e7: Aral\u0131k Kavram\u0131 \u0130statisti\u011fin Belkemi\u011fidir<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130statistikte aral\u0131k kavram\u0131, veri d\u00fczenleme, \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m yapma ve \u00f6l\u00e7me d\u00fczeylerini tan\u0131mlama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece kritik bir role sahiptir. Aral\u0131klar sayesinde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k veri setleri sadele\u015ftirilir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Belirsizlik somut bir formda ifade edilir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Veri analizi daha yorumlanabilir h\u00e2le gelir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130statistiksel grafikler ve tablolar anlam kazan\u0131r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu nedenle aral\u0131k kavram\u0131, hem istatistik \u00f6\u011frencileri hem de veri bilimiyle ilgilenen herkes i\u00e7in temel bir yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u011fer R Program\u0131n\u0131 indirmek isterseniz&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">buraya t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z : R: The R Project for Statistical Computing<\/a>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u011fer R Studio Program\u0131n\u0131 indirmek isterseniz&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/posit.co\/download\/rstudio-desktop\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">buraya t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z:<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/posit.co\/download\/rstudio-desktop\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">RStudio Desktop \u2013 Posit<\/a>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/posit.co\/download\/rstudio-desktop\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/posit.co\/download\/rstudio-desktop\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u011fitimlerimize kat\u0131larak bu ve di\u011fer projeleri uygulamal\u0131 olarak \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz. E\u011fitimlerimize ve di\u011fer bilgilere&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/\">buradaki linkten<\/a>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/\">https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/<\/a>) ula\u015fabilirsiniz. Detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen bizlere 0553 377 29 28 numaral\u0131 telefondan ya da info@facadium.com.tr mail adresinden ula\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Giri\u015f: \u0130statistikte Aral\u0131k Nedir? Neden Aral\u0131k Kavram\u0131 Bu Kadar \u00d6nemlidir? \u0130statistikte Aral\u0131k Nedir? \u0130statistik bilimi, verileri anlamland\u0131rma ve yorumlama \u00fczerine kurulu bir disiplindir. Verilerin analiz [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1386,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[163],"tags":[190,192,189,193,188,191,30],"class_list":["post-1383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istatistik","tag-aralik","tag-aralik-genisligi","tag-guven-araligi","tag-histogram","tag-istatistik","tag-sinif-araligi","tag-veri-madenciligi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1383"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1390,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1383\/revisions\/1390"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1386"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}