{"id":1362,"date":"2025-11-06T17:30:45","date_gmt":"2025-11-06T14:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/?p=1362"},"modified":"2025-11-06T23:10:36","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T20:10:36","slug":"r-ile-anova-analizi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/r-ile-anova-analizi\/","title":{"rendered":"R ile Anova Analizi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/h2><nav><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#1-giris-anova-testi-neden-onemlidir\">1. R ile Anova Analizi Giri\u015f: ANOVA Testi Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#2-anov-anin-temelleri-teknik-ve-teorik-arka-plan\">2. ANOVA\u2019n\u0131n Temelleri: Teknik ve Teorik Arka Plan<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#3-anova-turleri\">3. ANOVA T\u00fcrleri<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#3-1-tek-yonlu-one-way-anova\">3.1. Tek Y\u00f6nl\u00fc ANOVA<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#3-2-iki-yonlu-two-way-anova\">3.2. \u0130ki Y\u00f6nl\u00fc ANOVA<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#3-3-tekrarli-olcumlu-anova-repeated-measures-anova\">3.3. Tekrarl\u0131 \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcml\u00fc ANOVA<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-r-programlama-dili-ile-one-way-anova-uygulamasi\">4. R Programlama Dili ile One-Way ANOVA Uygulamas\u0131<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#senaryo\">Senaryo:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-1-veri-cercevesi-olusturma-r-kod-bloku\">4.1. Veri \u00c7er\u00e7evesi Olu\u015fturma (R Kod Bloku)<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-2-anova-testinin-yapilmasi\">4.2. ANOVA Testinin Yap\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-3-cikti-yorumlama\">4.3. \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131 Yorumlama<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-4-post-hoc-testleri-tukey-hsd\">4.4. Post-Hoc Testleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#5-anov-anin-gundelik-hayattaki-kullanim-alanlari\">5. ANOVA\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcndelik Hayattaki Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\u25cf-tip\">\u25cf T\u0131p<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\u25cf-egitim\">\u25cf E\u011fitim<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\u25cf-endustri-ve-uretim\">\u25cf End\u00fcstri ve \u00dcretim<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\u25cf-pazarlama\">\u25cf Pazarlama<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#\u25cf-ziraat-ve-cevre-bilimi\">\u25cf Ziraat ve \u00c7evre Bilimi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#6-anova-varsayimlari-r-ile-nasil-test-edilir\">6. ANOVA Varsay\u0131mlar\u0131 R ile Nas\u0131l Test Edilir?<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#6-1-normal-dagilim-varsayimi\">6.1. Normal Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m Varsay\u0131m\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#6-2-varyans-homojenligi-levene-testi\">6.2. Varyans Homojenli\u011fi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#7-makalelerde-anov-anin-kullanim-alani\">7. Makalelerde ANOVA\u2019n\u0131n Kullan\u0131m Alan\u0131<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#8-en-cok-sorulan-anova-sorulari\">8. En \u00c7ok Sorulan ANOVA Sorular\u0131<\/a><ul><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#1-anova-testi-ne-ise-yarar\">1) ANOVA testi ne i\u015fe yarar?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#2-anova-ile-t-testi-arasindaki-fark-nedir\">2) ANOVA ile t-testi aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#3-anova-sonuclarinda-p-degeri-ne-anlama-gelir\">3) ANOVA sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda p-de\u011feri ne anlama gelir?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#4-anov-adan-sonra-neden-post-hoc-testi-yapilir\">4) ANOVA\u2019dan sonra neden Post-Hoc testi yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#5-anova-normal-dagilim-gerektirir-mi\">5) ANOVA normal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m gerektirir mi?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#6-r-ile-anova-yapmak-zor-mu\">6) R ile ANOVA yapmak zor mu?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#7-repeated-measures-anova-rda-nasil-yapilir\">7) Repeated Measures ANOVA R\u2019da nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#8-anov-ada-etki-buyuklugu-effect-size-nasil-hesaplanir\">8) ANOVA\u2019da etki b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nas\u0131l hesaplan\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#9-varyans-homojenligi-bozulursa-ne-yapilir\">9) Varyans homojenli\u011fi bozulursa ne yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"\"><a href=\"#10-anova-sonuclari-akademik-bir-makalede-nasil-raporlanir\">10) ANOVA sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 akademik bir makalede nas\u0131l raporlan\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-giris-anova-testi-neden-onemlidir\"><strong>1. R ile Anova Analizi<\/strong> <strong>Giri\u015f: ANOVA Testi Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>R ile Anova Analizi. Veri analiti\u011fi, istatistik ve bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n merkezinde <strong>gruplar aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131n incelenmesi<\/strong> yer al\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle t\u0131ptan psikolojiye, m\u00fchendislikten e\u011fitim bilimlerine kadar \u00e7ok geni\u015f bir yelpazede ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, \u00fc\u00e7 veya daha fazla grubun ortalamalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda <strong>istatistiksel olarak anlaml\u0131 bir fark<\/strong> olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek isterler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu noktada devreye <strong>ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)<\/strong>, yani <strong>Varyans Analizi<\/strong> girer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ANOVA, farkl\u0131 gruplarda g\u00f6zlenen varyasyonun hangi kaynaktan geldi\u011fini analiz ederek gruplar aras\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 bir fark olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7en bir y\u00f6ntemdir. R programlama dili ise ANOVA\u2019n\u0131n uygulanabilmesi i\u00e7in en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc istatistiksel altyap\u0131lardan birini sunar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-anov-anin-temelleri-teknik-ve-teorik-arka-plan\"><strong>2. ANOVA\u2019n\u0131n Temelleri: Teknik ve Teorik Arka Plan<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ANOVA, toplam varyans\u0131 iki ana bile\u015fene ay\u0131r\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gruplar aras\u0131 varyans<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gruplar i\u00e7i varyans <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130statistiksel hesaplama \u015fu temel form\u00fcle dayan\u0131r: \u200b\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"225\" height=\"104\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1364\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu F istatisti\u011fi, gruplar aras\u0131ndaki varyans\u0131n anlaml\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br>E\u011fer F b\u00fcy\u00fck ve <strong>p &lt; 0.05<\/strong> ise, gruplar aras\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 fark vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-anova-turleri\"><strong>3. ANOVA T\u00fcrleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-1-tek-yonlu-one-way-anova\"><strong>3.1. Tek Y\u00f6nl\u00fc ANOVA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tek bir ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken (fakt\u00f6r) ve bir ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fken varsa kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rn:<br>\u201c\u00dc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6nteminin \u00f6\u011frenci ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-2-iki-yonlu-two-way-anova\"><strong>3.2. \u0130ki Y\u00f6nl\u00fc ANOVA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ki farkl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fkenin etkisi ayn\u0131 anda analiz edilir.<br>Ayr\u0131ca etkile\u015fim testi yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rn:<br>\u201c\u00d6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemi \u00d7 Cinsiyet \u2192 Ba\u015far\u0131 puan\u0131\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-3-tekrarli-olcumlu-anova-repeated-measures-anova\"><strong>3.3. Tekrarl\u0131 \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcml\u00fc ANOVA<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ayn\u0131 bireylerden farkl\u0131 zamanlarda veri al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rn:<br>\u201cDiyet program\u0131 \u00f6ncesi\u20131. hafta\u20134. hafta\u20138. hafta kilo verisi\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-r-programlama-dili-ile-one-way-anova-uygulamasi\"><strong>4. R Programlama Dili ile One-Way ANOVA Uygulamas\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \u00f6rnek ve profesyonel bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma senaryosu verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"senaryo\"><em>Senaryo:<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir e\u011fitim merkezinde \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 Python e\u011fitim metodunun \u00f6\u011frenci performans\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi inceleniyor. 3 s\u0131n\u0131ftaki s\u0131nav puanlar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle olsun:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Grup A (Video Temelli E\u011fitim)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grup B (S\u0131n\u0131f \u0130\u00e7i E\u011fitim)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grup C (Proje Temelli E\u011fitim)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-1-veri-cercevesi-olusturma-r-kod-bloku\"><strong>4.1. Veri \u00c7er\u00e7evesi Olu\u015fturma (R Kod Bloku)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Veri seti olu\u015fturma\npuan &lt;- c(78, 82, 85, 80,     # Grup A\n          72, 74, 70, 68,     # Grup B\n          88, 90, 92, 87)     # Grup C\n\ngrup &lt;- factor(rep(c(\"A\", \"B\", \"C\"), each = 4))\n\nveri &lt;- data.frame(puan, grup)\nprint(veri)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-2-anova-testinin-yapilmasi\"><strong>4.2. ANOVA Testinin Yap\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>anova_model &lt;- aov(puan ~ grup, data = veri)\nsummary(anova_model)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-3-cikti-yorumlama\"><strong>4.3. \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131 Yorumlama<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>R size \u015fu t\u00fcr bir \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 \u00fcretir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>            Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(&gt;F)    \ngrup         2  600     300    15.0   0.0008 ***\nResiduals    9  180      20\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>p = 0.0008 &lt; 0.05 \u2192 Gruplar aras\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 fark vard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-4-post-hoc-testleri-tukey-hsd\"><strong>4.4. Post-Hoc Testleri<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>TukeyHSD(anova_model)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu test ile hangi iki grubun aras\u0131nda fark oldu\u011fu belirlenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-anov-anin-gundelik-hayattaki-kullanim-alanlari\"><strong>5. ANOVA\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcndelik Hayattaki Kullan\u0131m Alanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ANOVA sadece akademik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda de\u011fil, g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta bir\u00e7ok kritik uygulamada da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u25cf-tip\">\u25cf T\u0131p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Farkl\u0131 ila\u00e7 dozlar\u0131n\u0131n tedavi etkilerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ameliyat y\u00f6ntemlerinin iyile\u015fme s\u00fcrelerine etkisi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u25cf-egitim\">\u25cf E\u011fitim<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Farkl\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerinin \u00f6\u011frenci ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131na etkisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Farkl\u0131 ders materyallerinin \u00f6\u011frenmeye katk\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u25cf-endustri-ve-uretim\">\u25cf End\u00fcstri ve \u00dcretim<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Makine ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn kalitesi \u00fczerindeki etkisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Farkl\u0131 malzeme t\u00fcrlerinin mukavemet kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u25cf-pazarlama\">\u25cf Pazarlama<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>3 farkl\u0131 reklam kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015fa etkisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Web sitesi tasar\u0131m varyantlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131c\u0131 etkile\u015fimi \u00fczerindeki etkisi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u25cf-ziraat-ve-cevre-bilimi\">\u25cf Ziraat ve \u00c7evre Bilimi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Farkl\u0131 g\u00fcbre tiplerinin bitki verimine etkisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Toprak t\u00fcr\u00fc \u00d7 sulama y\u00f6ntemi etkile\u015fim analizi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m, ANOVA\u2019n\u0131n pratik hayatta ne kadar kritik bir analiz arac\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-anova-varsayimlari-r-ile-nasil-test-edilir\"><strong>6. ANOVA Varsay\u0131mlar\u0131 R ile Nas\u0131l Test Edilir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-1-normal-dagilim-varsayimi\"><strong>6.1. Normal Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m Varsay\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>shapiro.test(residuals(anova_model))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-2-varyans-homojenligi-levene-testi\"><strong>6.2. Varyans Homojenli\u011fi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(car)\nleveneTest(puan ~ grup, data = veri)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-makalelerde-anov-anin-kullanim-alani\"><strong>7. Makalelerde ANOVA\u2019n\u0131n Kullan\u0131m Alan\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>ANOVA, hakemli dergilerde en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan istatistiksel y\u00f6ntemler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Journal of Applied Psychology<\/em>: \u00d6\u011frenme y\u00f6ntemleri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Journal of Experimental Medicine<\/em>: Tedavi t\u00fcrlerinin etkilerinin analizinde<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Educational Research Review<\/em>: S\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7i etkinliklerin \u00f6\u011frenci performans\u0131na etkisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Food Chemistry<\/em>: G\u0131da i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemlerinin kalite parametrelerine etkisi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Hemen her bilim dal\u0131nda ANOVA\u2019ya rastlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-en-cok-sorulan-anova-sorulari\"><strong>8. En \u00c7ok Sorulan ANOVA Sorular\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorular global Google Trends verilerinde en \u00e7ok aranan ANOVA sorular\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-anova-testi-ne-ise-yarar\"><strong>1) ANOVA testi ne i\u015fe yarar?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ANOVA, \u00fc\u00e7 veya daha fazla grubun ortalamalar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Aralar\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n istatistiksel olarak anlaml\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-anova-ile-t-testi-arasindaki-fark-nedir\"><strong>2) ANOVA ile t-testi aras\u0131ndaki fark nedir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>t-testi: 2 grubun ortalamas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ANOVA: 3+ grubun ortalamas\u0131<br>Ayr\u0131ca ANOVA varyans bazl\u0131d\u0131r ve hatalar\u0131 daha iyi kontrol eder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-anova-sonuclarinda-p-degeri-ne-anlama-gelir\"><strong>3) ANOVA sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda p-de\u011feri ne anlama gelir?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>p &lt; 0.05<\/strong> \u2192 gruplar aras\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 fark var<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>p &gt; 0.05<\/strong> \u2192 anlaml\u0131 fark yok<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-anov-adan-sonra-neden-post-hoc-testi-yapilir\"><strong>4) ANOVA\u2019dan sonra neden Post-Hoc testi yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ANOVA fark oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler ancak <strong>hangi gruplar<\/strong> aras\u0131nda fark oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemez.<br>Bu nedenle Tukey vb. post-hoc testleri gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-anova-normal-dagilim-gerektirir-mi\"><strong>5) ANOVA normal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m gerektirir mi?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Evet. ANOVA parametrik bir testtir, normal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m ve varyans homojenli\u011fi gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-r-ile-anova-yapmak-zor-mu\"><strong>6) R ile ANOVA yapmak zor mu?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hay\u0131r. Sadece \u015fu kod yeterlidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>aov(y ~ x, data = veri)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-repeated-measures-anova-rda-nasil-yapilir\"><strong>7) Repeated Measures ANOVA R\u2019da nas\u0131l yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>ezANOVA<\/code> veya <code>aov<\/code> fonksiyonlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(ez)\nezANOVA(data=df, dv=puan, wid=id, within=zaman)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"8-anov-ada-etki-buyuklugu-effect-size-nasil-hesaplanir\"><strong>8) ANOVA\u2019da etki b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc nas\u0131l hesaplan\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>etaSquared()<\/code> fonksiyonu kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"9-varyans-homojenligi-bozulursa-ne-yapilir\"><strong>9) Varyans homojenli\u011fi bozulursa ne yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Welch ANOVA veya non-parametrik Kruskal\u2013Wallis testi uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"10-anova-sonuclari-akademik-bir-makalede-nasil-raporlanir\"><strong>10) ANOVA sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 akademik bir makalede nas\u0131l raporlan\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>APA 7 format\u0131nda \u00f6rnek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201c\u00dc\u00e7 grup aras\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 fark bulundu, F(2, 27) = 15.02, p &lt; .001.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u011fer R Program\u0131n\u0131 indirmek isterseniz&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">buraya t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z : R: The R Project for Statistical Computing<\/a>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u011fer R Studio Program\u0131n\u0131 indirmek isterseniz&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/posit.co\/download\/rstudio-desktop\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">buraya t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z:<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/posit.co\/download\/rstudio-desktop\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">RStudio Desktop \u2013 Posit<\/a>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/posit.co\/download\/rstudio-desktop\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/posit.co\/download\/rstudio-desktop\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>E\u011fitimlerimize kat\u0131larak bu ve di\u011fer projeleri uygulamal\u0131 olarak \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz. E\u011fitimlerimize ve di\u011fer bilgilere&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/\">buradaki linkten<\/a>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/\">https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/<\/a>) ula\u015fabilirsiniz. Detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in l\u00fctfen bizlere 0553 377 29 28 numaral\u0131 telefondan ya da info@facadium.com.tr mail adresinden ula\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. R ile Anova Analizi Giri\u015f: ANOVA Testi Neden \u00d6nemlidir? R ile Anova Analizi. Veri analiti\u011fi, istatistik ve bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n merkezinde gruplar aras\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131n incelenmesi [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1363,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[151,163],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1362","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-r-ile-veri-analizi","category-istatistik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1362"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1362\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1374,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1362\/revisions\/1374"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.facadium.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}